Which layer of the atmosphere is known for having the least turbulence?

The stratosphere is known for having the least turbulence primarily due to its stable atmospheric conditions. In this layer, which lies above the troposphere and extends to about 50 kilometers above the Earth's surface, temperature increases with altitude, creating a temperature inversion. This inversion means that the air at higher altitudes is warmer than the air below, which inhibits vertical mixing and leads to greater atmospheric stability.

In contrast, the troposphere, where weather phenomena occur, is characterized by significant turbulence from rising and falling air currents, as well as weather systems. The mesosphere, located above the stratosphere, can also experience turbulence, especially due to variations in temperature and wind patterns. Finally, the exosphere, being the uppermost layer, gradually transitions into outer space and has extremely thin air. While it does not experience turbulence in the same way as the lower layers, it is not typically associated with the stable conditions found in the stratosphere.