What system helps balance demand with operational capacity in air traffic management?

The Traffic Management System (TMS) plays a crucial role in air traffic management by coordinating the flow of air traffic to ensure that demand does not exceed operational capacity. It utilizes data on flight schedules, weather conditions, and airspace constraints to optimize the air traffic flow, thereby minimizing delays and enhancing safety. By anticipating and mitigating congestion at airports and along airways, the TMS helps to maintain an efficient aviation system, ensuring that aircraft are managed effectively throughout their journey.

This system is particularly vital during peak traffic times, as it allows for timely adjustments in flight schedules or routing to balance the operational load. While the other systems mentioned like the Flight Information System (FIS) and the Air Traffic Control System (ATCS) also contribute to air traffic management, their primary functions do not focus specifically on balancing demand and capacity. The Airspace Management System (AMS), on the other hand, is more concerned with the strategic allocation and management of airspace rather than the real-time balancing of traffic and capacity.